Chloroprene Rubber (CR), also known as chlorobutadiene rubber, is an important diene-based elastomer. The name Neoprene® is a registered trademark of DuPont Performance Elastomers.The commercial grades are mostly trans-1,4-polychloroprene produced by free-radical emulsion polymerization of 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene. The chlorine in the polymer reduces the reactivity to many oxidizing agents.

The formula for Chloroprene Rubber is:

Applications

Chloroprene rubber typically displays good resistance to ozone cracking, heat aging and to chemical attack. For example, it has good resistance to many chlorofluorocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, mineral oils, greases and ozone, but only moderate or poor resistance to acids, solvents, and fuels. Its flame resistance is excellent. In fact, chloroprene is one of the few rubbers that are self-extinguishing. It also gives excellent rubber-to-metal bonds. However, chloroprene tends to harden over time and degrades in the presence of some fairly common chemicals such as hydrochloric acid, acetone, xylene, acetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide.

Its mechanical properties are generally inferior to those of natural rubber but it has superior chemical resistance.

Application

TOSO-CSM is produced from polyethylene by chlorination and chlorosulphonation with chlorine and sulphur dioxide gas. Various types of TOSO-CSM are obtained according to degree of chlorination and chlorosulphonation as well as sort of polyethylene polymer. TOSO-CSM has excellent resistance against ozone, weather, oil and chemicals. And it can be colored in brilliant shades. TOSO-CSM is used for hoses of automobiles, gas and other industrial use, electric cable, rubber coatings, packings, gasket, rolls and lining, adhesives and bounding systems, etc. For goods of daily use, TOSO-CSM is used for life boats, life-jackets, windbreakers, raincoats, handrails of escalator and municipal gas hoses, etc.

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Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) is a family of unsaturated copolymers of 2-propenenitrile and various butadiene monomers (1,2-butadiene and 1,3-butadiene). Although its physical and chemical properties vary depending on the polymer’s composition of nitrile, this form of synthetic rubber is unusual in being generally resistant to oil, fuel, and other chemicals (the more nitrile within the polymer, the higher the resistance to oils but the lower the flexibility of the material).

Application

It is used in the automotive and aeronautical industry to make fuel and oil handling hoses, seals, grommets, and self-sealing fuel tanks, since ordinary rubbers cannot be used. It is used in the nuclear industry to make protective gloves. NBR's ability to withstand a range of temperatures from −40 to 108 °C (−40 to 226 °F) makes it an ideal material for aeronautical applications. Nitrile butadiene is also used to create moulded goods, footwear, adhesives, sealants, sponges, expanded foams, and floor mats.

Its resilience makes NBR a useful material for disposable lab, cleaning, and examination gloves. Nitrile rubber is more resistant than natural rubber to oils and acids, and has superior strength, but has inferior flexibility. Nitrile gloves are therefore more puncture-resistant than natural rubber gloves, especially if the latter are degraded by exposure to chemicals or ozone.[citation needed] Nitrile rubber is less likely to cause an allergic reaction than natural rubber.

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Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is one of the cheaper synthetic general purpose elastomers that is sometimes used as a substitute for natural rubber (NR). It can be produced by free-radical solution polymerization or by emulsion polymerizationeither warm at 30 to 60°C (hot rubber) or cold at temperatures near 0°C (cold rubber). Emulsion SBR (ESBR) continues to lose ground to solution SBR (SSBR) which is better suited for high-performance tires. Nevertheless, emulsion SBR grades still account for more than 75% of the total world capacity as of 2015. However, more and more SBR is produced by solution polymerization.

SBR is a highly random copolymer of butadiene and 10 to 25 percent styrene.

The formula for SBR is:

The addition of styrene lowers the price and contributes to the good wear and bonding properties. The addition of styrene also improves the strength, abrasion resistance, and blend properties of polybutadiene.

Application

Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is the highest volume genral purpose synthetic rubber. It can be used in similar applications as NR / IR elastomers, except in severe dynamic application due to the inferior fatigue resistance. Typical applications include drive couplings, haul-off pads, conveyor belts, shoe soles and heels, adhesives, roll coverings and car tires (but not truck tires) and various other molded rubber goods. The typical working temperature range is -25°C to +100°C for static sealing.

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Polybutadiene (PBR) was one of the first types of synthetic elastomer, or rubber, to be invented. It didn't take a great a degree of imagination to come up with, as its very similar to natural rubber, polyisoprene. It's good for uses which require exposure to low temperatures. Tires treads are often made of polybutadiene copolymers. Belts, hoses, gaskets and other automobile parts are made from polybutadiene, because it stands up to cold temperatures better than other elastomers. Many polymers can become brittle at low temperatures thanks to a phenomenon called the glass transition. Driving in the winter can be bad enough with out hoses and gaskets going out on you! A hard rubber called poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene), or SBS rubber is a copolymercontaining polybutadiene.

SBR is a highly random copolymer of butadiene and 10 to 25 percent styrene.

The formula for PBR is:

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